智慧树知到《能源英语面面观》章节测试答案

智慧树知到《能源英语面面观》章节测试答案

第一章

1、The Chinese equivalent of ESAP is（     ）.

科技英语

通用英语

通用学术英语

专用学术英语

答案: 通用学术英语

2、The word “synergy” means（     ）based on its etymological explanation.

反感

协同作用

无用功

有效能量

答案: 协同作用

3、The word “oil” originally means “any kind of smooth greasy liquid” but later acquires the specific meaning of “petroleum”. This word-forming method is called（     ）.

Generalization

Specialization

Extension

Specification

答案: Specialization

4、Compounded words have four characteristics, among which（     ）refers to its spelling features.

grammatical

semantic

phonological

orthographical

答案: orthographical

5、Sour oil means oil that contains a relatively high proportion of（     ）.

sulfur

carbon

hydrogen

oxygen

答案: sulfur

6、The sun energizes photosynthesis and brings about the energy called（     ）.

physical energy

chemical energy

kinetic energy

geothermal energy

答案: chemical energy

7、Energy industry is the totality of all of the industries involved in the production and sale of energy, including fuel extraction, manufacturing,（     ）and distribution.

refining

defining

retailing

decomposing

答案: refining

8、The underlined word “tap” means（     ）in the following sentence—Oil is formed and then percolates up through cracks and porous rock to fill the reservoirs that humanstap to get oil.

敲打

轻拍

利用

开采

答案: 开采

9、Abbreviations can achieve brevity, conciseness, efficiency and economy. Therefore it is frequently used in the following domain EXCEPT（     ）.

new reports

academic papers

business writing

fiction writing

答案: fiction writing

10、Energy conversion efficiency (η) is the ratio between（     ）and（     ）.

input, output

output, input

consumption, production

production, consumption

答案: input, output

第二章

1、(   ) is not a real coal, but only a precursor.

Peat

Lignite

Bituminous coal

Anthracite

答案: Peat

2、China is the largest coal (      ) country in 2017.

import

production

export

reserve

答案: production

3、A tale of two Europes means (      ).

Northern Europe and Southern Europe

Western Europe and Eastern Europe

some countries in western Europe with coal exit and some countries in Eastern Europe not announcing coal phase-out

poor Europe and rich Europe

答案: some countries in western Europe with coal exit and some countries in Eastern Europe not announcing coal phase-out

4、The abiotic theory is developed in (      ) during the Cold War, as it needed to be self sufficient in terms of producing its own energy.

Germany

America

Soviet Union

China

答案: Soviet Union

5、Slightly more than half of the world’s proven reserves are located in (      ).

Latin America

America

Soviet Union

the Middle East

答案: the Middle East

6、In China, most natural gas is distributed in (      ).

plains

basins

mountains

plateaus

答案: basins

7、Which of the following are fossil fuels?

renewable

natural gas

petroleum

coal

答案: natural gas,petroleum,coal

8、The most significant uses of coal are in (      ).

electricity generation

steel production

cement manufacturing

liquid fuel

答案: electricity generation,steel production,cement manufacturing,liquid fuel

9、According to a report by British Petroleum (BP), Large supplies of coal are known to exist (proven reserves) or thought to be available in (     ).

South America

North America

Europe

Asia

答案: North America,Europe,Asia

10、Across much of Asia, coal demand grows due to its (      ).

affordability

nonrenewable

efficiency

availability

答案: affordability,availability

11、In the argument about the origin of oil, scientists should avoid letting (      ) prevent them from accepting the truth, whatever that proves to be.

previous ideas

politics

scientific competition

energy shortage

答案: previous ideas,politics,scientific competition

12、Petroleum is a (      ) mixture of solid, liquid, and gaseous hydrocarbons that occurs naturally beneath the Earth’s surface.

thick

flammable

yellow-to-black

thin

答案: thick,flammable,yellow-to-black

13、According to the report by EIA in 2018, the top three countries by oil production are (     ).

the USA

Saudi Arabia

Russia

Iran

答案: the USA,Saudi Arabia,Russia

14、Fossil fuels originated from dinosaurs.

对

错

答案: 错

15、To carry coals to Newcastle is like to pour sand on the beach.

对

错

答案: 对

16、In order to reduce the consumption of coal , China has tried its best to invest in renewable energy and to adopt new technology to improve the efficiency in industry.

对

错

答案: 对

17、The word “petroleum” originated in Latin which means “rock oil”.

对

错

答案: 对

18、Oil and natural gas are often found in similar areas, although natural gas will almost certainly be higher in the ground and under less pressure than oil.

对

错

答案: 错

第三章

1、Fuel cell engines (燃料电池发动机) are two to three times more efficient than combustion engines, meaning that much greater fuel economy is available using hydrogen in a fuel cell.

对

错

答案:

2、A fuel cell is a device that produces electricity from chemical fuels, in just one step. Unlike batteries, fuel cells don’t run down or need recharging. As long as there is a constant source of fuel and oxygen, fuel cells will continue to generate power. And they don’t burn the fuel – the electricity is produced directly.

对

错

答案:

3、We are more independent on electricity than we were generations ago so a failure of supply today can have major consequences.

对

错

答案:

4、Because the fuel cell is so much more efficient that the internal combustion engine, fueling a fuel cell car can cost around the same as fueling a gasoline car.

对

错

答案:

5、Refueling a fuel cell car is more complex and dangerous than with traditional gasoline vehicles.

对

错

答案:

6、Solar panels, wind turbines, hydro power and geothermal energy and hydrocarbons (natural gas or coal) can all be used to produce hydrogen (a primary energy).

对

错

答案:

7、Electrolysis can use wind, solar, geothermal, fossil fuels, biomass, nuclear, and many other energy sources.

对

错

答案:

8、Ways to produce hydrogen fuel include producing it from nuclear power, biomass, algae, artificial photosynthesis, direct solar and coal gasification.

对

错

答案:

9、Solar power causes no pollution at all.

对

错

答案:

10、Seasonal variations in precipitation and long-term changes in precipitation patterns, such as droughts, have a big impact on hydropower production.

对

错

答案:

11、Petroleum and natural gas beneath the ocean floor are also considered a form of ocean energy.

对

错

答案:

12、Hydropower systems build pressure either by containing the water behind a dam, or within a pipe that runs down a hill. The weight of the water behind the dam or in the pipe creates pressure at the bottom. More height creates more pressure, and more pressure means we can get more power from the flow of water.

对

错

答案:

13、The 1973 oil embargo and 1979 energy crisis caused a reorganization of energy policies around the world and brought renewed attention to developing solar technologies.

对

错

答案:

14、New energy vehicles are driven by the enery of __. It is believed that they reduce our dependence on petroleum and may reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

electricity

hydrogen

wind

sunshine

答案:

15、_ is the first element on the periodic table, making it the lightest element. Since it is so light, it rises in the atmosphere and is therefore rarely found in its pure form.

Oxygen

Nitrogen

Hydrogen

Carbon

答案:

16、In a flame of pure hydrogen gas, burning in air, the hydrogen reacts with oxygen to form water and releases ___.

little hydrogen

little oxygen

energy

waste

答案:

17、__ has the highest energy content of all known conventional fuels (by weight). It has almost 3 times more energy content by mass than __.

Hydrogen, gasoline

Hydrogen, oil

Oxygen, fossil fuels

Oxygen, gasoline

答案:

18、The only products that come out of a fuel cell are ___. No pollution or other dirty byproducts come out of the tailpipe of a fuel cell car.

electricity and hydrogen

water and oxygen

electricity, heat and water

energy, water vapor, and oxygen

答案:

19、Fuel cells are versatile as they can scale up easily and meet a variety of power needs – large or small. You can ____ individual fuel cells to increase the amount of power they can provide. The taller the stack, the more power you have.

install

stack

divide

separate

答案:

20、Pure hydrogen does not occur naturally on Earth in large quantities, and it is locked up in enormous quantities in water, hydrocarbons, and other __. One of the challenges of using hydrogen as a fuel comes from being able to efficiently extract hydrogen from these compounds (化合物).

plants

organic matter

fossil fuels

inorganic matter

答案:

21、__ is an energy form found in nature that has not been subjected to any human engineered conversion process. It is energy contained in raw fuels, and other forms of energy received as input to a system.

Primary energy

Premium energy

Principal energy

Preliminary energy

答案:

22、In electrolysis, electricity is run through water to separate the _ and _ atoms.

hydrogen, water

hydrogen, energy

hydrogen, oxygen

water, heat

答案:

23、Manufacturers of hydrogen generators have developed methods to use lower amounts of electricity to split water into hydrogen. Different electrolytes or catalysts are used in ___ the bonds between hydrogen and oxygen atoms that make up water.

loosening

strengthening

separating

splitting

答案:

24、The scientists and researchers have mostly decided that using nuclear power plants that are currently online may be able to produce hydrogen fuel as a byproduct of the water that they are already using to cool the ____.

nuclear tower

reactors

nuclear fusion

nuclear fission

答案:

25、Landfills and farms can have high concentrations of _ which is hydrogen-rich chemical compound.

methane

carbon dioxide

oxygen

hydrocarbon

答案:

26、Most of today’s hydrogen is produced from natural gas through a process called steam methane reforming. This is where steam and ___come together under high temperature to produce hydrogen.

water

methane

hydrocarbons

oxygen

答案:

27、A raging river contains energya small stream.

less, than

more, than

same, with

all possibilities above

答案:

28、Beams of sunshine are waves of light and heat energy, radiated across 93 million miles of space to reach our earth in about ____.

a second

eight minutes

an hour

a year

答案:

29、Sunlight reaches us by radiation. Radiation travels in electromagnetic waves consisting of __, and when the energy waves reach an object, they can either pass through it, or be reflected, or be absorbed, depending on the material. PVs are made out of a semi-conducting material. When they absorb photons of sunlight, the energy of the photons dislodges electrons from their atoms. The PV’s special coating attracts free electrons to the surface, and it is this movement of electrons that produces the electrical current.

electrons

photons

neutrons

atoms

答案:

30、Floatovoltaics reduce the need of valuable land area, save drinking water that would otherwise be lost through __, and show a higher efficiency of solar energy conversion, as the panels are kept at a _ temperature than they would be on land.

evaporation, cooler

evaporation, hotter

precipitation, cooler

precipitation, hotter

答案:

31、The island of Ta’u in American Samoa, small in size though, is large when it comes to renewable energy. It producing 100% of its electricity from solar power. The batteries store energy for up to ____ days on which the sun doesn’t shine.

three hundred

thirty

three

one

答案:

32、Hydrogen fuel can be harvested from biomass. __, ____ and __ are three places that create much biomass.

sewage plants

landfills

farms

hospital

答案:

33、The amount of _ that drains into rivers and streams in a geographic area determines the amount of water available for producing hydropower.

raindrop

snowfall

flood

precipitation

答案:

34、The volume of the water flow and the change in _ from one point to another determine the amount of available energy in moving water.

water speed

elevation

fall

water flow

答案:

35、Water wheels are machines that use the energy of __ to turn a wheel. The axle of the turning wheel can then power other machines to do work.

flowing water

or falling water

or both

neither of them

答案:

36、The Three Gorges Dam has brought benefits to Chinese people mainly in __.

flood control

navigation improvement

power generation

tourism opportunities

答案:

37、New nuclear is impractical in western countries because of ____.

popular opposition

regulatory uncertainty

oft demand for multiple reactor units

high costs

答案:

38、Strong ocean currents are generated from a combination of temperature, wind, salinity, bathymetry, and the rotation of the Earth. The Sun acts as the primary driving force, causing _.

winds

currents

temperature differences

tides

答案:

39、Common environmental concerns associated with marine energy developments include ____.

the risk of marine mammals and fish being struck by tidal turbine blades

the effects of EMF and underwater noise emitted from operating marine energy devices

the physical presence of marine energy projects and their potential to alter the behavior of marine mammals, fish, and seabirds with attraction or avoidance

the potential effect on nearfield and farfield marine environment and processes such as sediment transport and water quality

答案:

第四章

1、Hydroelectric facilities might have a major impact on（     ）.

aquatic ecosystems

birds

bats

polar bears

答案:

2、Geothermal energy brings air emissions including（     ）.

hydrogen sulfide

carbon dioxide

methane

all  the options

答案:

3、（     ）is NOT one of the gender issues in energy industry.

gender gap

racial discrimination

glass ceiling

wage inequality

答案:

4、Wind farms may bring（     ）.

reservoir damage

noise pollution

respiratory disease

psychiatric disorders

答案:

5、Under certain lighting conditions, wind turbines can create an effect known as（     ）.

urban heat island effect

light transmission

shadow flicker

island effect

答案:

6、To achieve gender equity in the energy sector does not mean achieving（     ）.

equal opportunity

equal pay

equal time

equal leadership

答案:

7、STEM education does not include（     ）.

science

technology

engineering

masculinity

答案:

8、Women are trying to get involved in energy sectors by making efforts in different aspects except（     ）.

making energy policies

complaining juvenile delinquency

founding renewable energy companies

creating green energy initiatives

答案:

9、Earth Hour starts at（     ）.

20:30

20:00

19:30

19:00

答案:

10、WWF is short for（     ）.

World Wrestling Federation

World Wide Fund for Nature

World Web Foundation

World Wildlife Family

答案:

11、（     ）is the world’s largest conservation organization.

IEA

IRENA

WWF

OPEC

答案:

12、WWF is well-known for its（     ）logo created in 1961.

tiger

panda

polar bear

penguin

答案:

13、Which one of these increases the level of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere?

Driving a car

Traveling by plane

Cutting down trees

All  the options

答案:

14、（     ）is taken in by plants to make food.

carbon dioxide

hydrogen

oxygen

nitrogen

答案:

15、The process by which plants make food is called（     ）.

condensation

photosynthesis

respiration

transpiration

答案:

16、（     ）also known as IEA, is at the heart of global dialogue on energy.

Interscholastic Equestrian Association

Individualized Education Account

International Energy Agency

Infrastructure & Energy Alternatives

答案:

17、（     ）is an example of initialism.

NATO

HTML

IRENA

ASAP

答案:

18、The（     ）is an intergovernmental organization to promote adoption and sustainable use of renewable energy.

World Energy Forum

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development

United Nations

International Renewable Energy Agency

答案:

19、Choose the correct abbreviation.（     ）

We start school on Augst. 8th.

We start school on Ag. 8th.

We start school on Aug. 8th.

We start school on Augt. 8th.

答案:

20、What time of the day is 12:00 A.M.?（     ）.

midnight

morning

afternoon

evening

答案:

21、“I live on 9200 S. Bell St.” What does “S.” stand for in this sentence?（     ）

South

Street

Sour

Sideway

答案:

22、Countries that rely on oil exports, can suffer from a phenomenon known as the（     ）.

“English Disease”

“Arabic Disease”

“Dutch Disease”

“Greek Disease”

答案:

23、The（     ）Effect refers to a concept that small causes can have large effects.

Catfish

Black Sheep

Hedgehog

Butterfly

答案:

24、The carbon market is a market in which we trade（     ）.

carbon dioxide

carbon emission allowances

carbon cycle

carbon copies

答案:

25、What year did oil prices skyrocket thanks to an OPEC embargo?（     ）

1953

1963

1973

1983

答案:

26、Plastic type（     ）is typically used to make bottles for water.

1

4

3

6

答案:

27、It is safer to put type（     ）polypropylene into a microwave oven.

1

3

5

7

答案:

28、Which is an example of geopolitics?（     ）

The Great Depression

The Cold War

The Renaissance

The French Revolution

答案:

29、Geopolitics is closest to（     ）.

Geo philosophy

Sociology

Political geography

Geographic politics

答案:

30、Carbon footprints can NOT be reduced through（     ）.

recycling as much as possible

eating more meat

unplugging unused electronic devices

improving energy efficiency

答案:

第五章

1、The ancient (              ), were all formed along the rivers.

Civilizations        

Industries

Cultures

Trade

答案:

2、Before the industrial revolution, the most important resources were (         ) in agricultural society

Coal and oil

Land and oil

Land and water

Oil and water

答案:

3、After the industrial revolution, the key energy transferred to (              ).

fossil fuels

coal

oil

fuels

答案:

4、people build dams and levees to control the flooding. These projects, as well as reservoirs and wells, were called (           ).

water projects

water engineering

hydraulic projects

hydraulic engineering

答案:

5、One of the reasons of the bad economic situation in Arabian world, may be attributed to the disruptive fracking technology improvement in (       ).

the U.S.A

the Middle East

European countries

East Asia

答案:

6、Before fossil fuels were exploited and applied on a large scale, (  ) the main source of energy in ancient China.

Coal and oil

Solar energy

Wood and charcoal

Water and wind

答案:

7、The poem Old Charcoal Man told us a fact that the royal family, as well as the common people living in cities, need to purchase Charcoal for their (          ).

daily supply

awards to the courtiers

sacrifice rituals

special production

答案:

8、Charcoal had been the main fuel of smelting and casting industry before (        ).

Tang Dynasty

Song Dynasty

Yuan Dynasty

Ming Dynasty

答案:

9、The uncontrolled use of firewood ultimately led to serious consequence —(            ).

Economic decline

Human migration

Vegetation deterioration

Political upheaval

答案:

10、When the driving force of social transformation was mainly from the South and overseas, the ancient empire had to move towards early industrialization, in the way of separating (  ) and financial capital.

energy resources

coal supply

oil supply

business centers

答案:

11、In modern society, ( ), as the primary source of energy, would affect the national security.

coal

nuclear energy

fossil fuels

petroleum

答案:

12、Greenspan once said: “Oil is the blood of ( ).”

Modern economics

International business

World market

Modern industry

答案:

13、By (       ), with the imported oil accounting for 80%, China is almost becoming a country totally dependent on imported oil.

2019

2020

2021

2022

答案:

14、China is constructing mutually beneficial relationships with all the countries along (    ).

the South China Sea

the Belt and Road

the Middle East

the Strait of Malacca

答案:

15、The South China Sea contains the world’s largest reserve of (    ).

combustible ice

heavy oil

petroleum

gas

答案:

16、The international organization of financial system that President Roosevelt proposed after WWII to establish is (       ).

the United Nations

the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

the World Trade Organization

the Bretton Woods system

答案:

17、Within the Bretton Woods system, the United States promised to exchange the dollars for gold at a fixed rate of (     ) dollars per ounce.

35

36

45

46

答案:

18、In 1974 the United States made a deal with (             )for a military alliance, which thus led to the petroleum trade being priced in the U.S. dollars.

OPEC

Saudi Arabia

Syria

The Middle East

答案:

19、After 1973, by linking the dollar to oil, a direct consequence of fighting in oil-producing countries is the soaring oil prices, which means (             ) for the dollar.

Lower demand

higher demand

lower supply

higher supply

答案:

20、The first decree issued by the Interim Government was to declare Iraq’s oil exports to be priced in dollars again instead of (        ).

Gold

Iraqi dinar

Euros

French Franc

答案:

21、Venezuela, a country located in north of (    ), once has been one of the world’s largest exporters of oil and has the world’s largest (       ).

south America, proven oil reserves

Africa, proven oil reserves

South America, oil reserves

Africa, oil reserves

答案:

22、The term Dutch Disease was coined in (      ) to explain a sharp decline in the Dutch economy following their discovery of (       )in 1959.

1966, natural petroleum reserves

1966, natural gas reserves

1977, natural gas reserves

1977, natural petroleum reserves

答案:

23、Hyperinflation is a very high, rapid, and continuous (      ), within which the prices of goods and services quickly rise to a level so high.

Inflation

Economic decline

Price rising

Economic crisis

答案:

24、the so-called oil curse has not only caused Venezuela’s economic decline, but also deteriorated its (     ) climate.

social

educational

political

cultural

答案:

25、which of the country is the blogger from?

The U.S.A

Spain

Britain

China

答案:

26、Which movies did the blogger compare the climate of Beijing to?

The lord of the Ring

Inception

Dungeons and Dragons

Harry Porter

答案:

27、For London, the disaster was the Great Smog of (          ).

1955

1961

1962

1952

答案:

28、In 19th-century London, (    ) was the main source of smog.

Burning charcoal

Burning coal

Burning wood

Burning kerosene

答案:

29、In history, which river once has beendeclared biologically dead, no longer able to support any life?

Mekong River

Ganges

the River Thames

Nile river

答案:

30、While it has set targets to increase its consumption of (     ), China remains the world’s top producer and consumer of coal

sustainable energy

green energy

non-fossil fuel energy

alternative energy

答案:

第六章

1、EI in Chinese means（     ）.

科学引文索引

工程索引

科技会议录索引

文献索引

答案:

2、“所在单位”should be translated into（     ）.

affiliation

unit

attachment

institute

答案:

3、Which of the following parts answering the question of “What did I find?”（     ）.

Introduction

Methodology

Results  

Conclusion

答案:

4、参考文献of an academic paper should be translated into（     ）.

Bibliography

References

Appendix

Acknowledgments

答案:

5、Which of the typical elements of an abstract can be omitted?（     ）.

background  

purpose

result

conclusion

答案:

6、The sentence pattern “The findings hold important implications …” is used to indicate the（     ）of the study.

results

conclusion

methodology

literature review

答案:

7、What is the first step after your submission of your paper?（     ）

Preliminary review

Full review

Revision

Rejection

答案:

8、Publish or Perish? The sentence implies that（     ）.

If a researcher publishes his paper, he has finished his work.

If a researcher fails to publish any paper, he is not deemed as successful.

If a paper is published, it becomes useless.

If a paper is rejected, it has no value at all.

答案:

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